FRIDAY, March 29, 2024
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Fukushima: The hidden fallout

Fukushima: The hidden fallout

For Japan’s nuclear refugees, a rain of insults and rejection

Satsuki Sekine’s home was destroyed in Japan’s 2011 tsunami disaster and her family fled in the nuclear panic that followed. But crueller still were the insults and stigma she faced in the community where she sought refuge.
Rather than offer sympathy, Sekine’s new classmates bullied her with nasty jibes – part of an epidemic of discrimination in a nation where the vulnerable and the different can be marginalised.
“She’s a Fukushima kid. She carries contagious radiation” were among the taunts the evacuee, now 15 years old, endured in her new home far from the ravaged northeast and the crippled Fukushima nuclear plant.
“My house was destroyed in the earthquake and swept away in the tsunami,” Sekine says. “One of my relatives died in the disaster. We had to flee from the nuclear accident.”
“After all that, I was bullied at school,” adds the 15-year-old. “I was so depressed that I wanted to die.”
Sekine is now living back near her original home, in a region which is slowly recovering from the disaster that drove more than 160,000 people from their homes when the tsunami-lashed plant went into meltdown. 

Culture of bullying
But she is just one of many children and adults who have faced insults, ostracism and even violence in towns and cities where they sought sanctuary.
Japan is famed for social order and exquisite manners. But behind the facade is a suffocating group identity that can result in bullying of those who stand out, a dynamic blamed for a high rate of child and adult suicides.
In the immediate aftermath of the quake-tsunami disaster which left 18,500 people dead or missing, a sense of solidarity swept Japan as it faced its greatest post-war crisis and municipalities welcomed the displaced. 
“Ganbarou Nippon” (Don’t give up, Japan) was a common refrain as the nation pulled together.
But reaction to the refugees at street level was often cold.
Urara Aoyama, now 16, tried hard not to let her new classmates know her family came from a town beside the stricken plant.
“But word spread when I entered middle school,” says Aoyama, who, with Sekine, now attends high school in the town of Hirono near their original homes, which remain off limits.
Aoyama too was questioned about the contagiousness of radiation, taunted and told she should just go away.
“They said such things behind my back, sometimes intentionally in loud voices so I could hear,” she says.

‘Totalitarian environment’ 
Asao Naito, a bullying expert at Tokyo’s Meiji University, said Japan’s education system suppresses individuality and makes children prone to pick on the different.
“So evacuees from Fukushima are preyed upon in the totalitarian environment of Japanese schools,” he says.
A recent case in Yokohama, south of Tokyo, stirred outrage after it emerged that a boy had been extorted of 1.5 million yen (Bt460,000) by classmates.
He was also slapped and pushed around and accused of living on government “compensation”.
He swallowed the pain for years while secretly siphoning cash from home to pay his tormenters.
Kei Hida, the family’s lawyer, says she believes the boy could not bear to open up to his family knowing his mother had also suffered abuse from neighbours.
“Garbage was thrown at her and she received an anonymous letter telling the family to leave the neighbourhood,” Hida explains.
Lawyer Tomohiro Kurosawa says part of the problem is that many Japanese do not see Fukushima evacuees as “victims” since nobody in authority has yet been held accountable. 
Not a single arrest has ever been made, plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Co was rescued with public money, and the Shinzo Abe government is committed to restarting nuclear plants.
“When victims speak out under these circumstances, they appear to criticise the nation and are penalised socially,” Kurosawa 
says.
“Government policies cloud the status of the victims, creating room for others to reject and attack them.”

Echoes of Hiroshima stigma
Kurosawa, who has represented radiation victims from Hiroshima and Nagasaki, says the stigma imposed on Fukushima has historical echoes of the harsh treatment that survivors of the WWII atomic bombings endured.
Despite their suffering and their status as the first victims of the atomic age, many were shunned – in particular for marriage –due to prejudice over radiation exposure. 
On returning to Fukushima, Sekine and Aoyama began attending a school which was set up primarily for students from contaminated areas. There, they perform with other students in a play describing the region’s ordeal.
“Through contact with each other, their scars are gradually healing and they themselves are recovering,” their teacher Shunichi Kobayashi says of the cast members.
“Each of them has experienced all sorts of painful events, so that makes them unite with each other.”
Acting out their trauma is helping overcome the pain, he says. And Sekine says she now no longer wants to die. 
“I will not run away from hardship,” she says.

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