
Speaking on “Citizenship and the Future of Thai Democracy”, Thirayuth, director of Thammasat University’s Sanya Dharmasakti Institute for Democracy, said the idea of a civil society and strong community had resulted in the establishment of independent organisations as per the 1997 charter. However, conflicts began arising when then-prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra started introducing populist policies and a battle broke out between the populists and conservatives, who contribute to society in different ways. That is when the concept of a civil society was forgotten.