The Polish-Jewish immigrant had his Broadway debut in 1945, winning a Tony award in 1951.
He enjoyed his first silver screen success with The Magnificent Seven in 1960, playing Mexican bandit Calvera.
He went on to co-star in The Good, the Bad and the Ugly with Clint Eastwood, portraying the gangster Tuco.
He received an honourary Oscar for lifetime achievement in 2010.
DPA