It will be the first state visit to the US by a sitting prime minister.
Trump phoned Prayut in April to discuss issues including the North Korea crisis and invited him to the White House on a date to be determined.
The visit had originally been mooted for July.
Prayut will lead a large Thai delegation to Washington for talks on security, the economy, trade and investment, as well as regional issues, deputy government spokesperson Lt Gen Werachon Sukondhapatipak said on Tuesday.
Deputy Prime Minister Somkid Jatusripitak and the ministers of foreign affairs, interior, commerce and defence would accompany Prayut, he said.
The meeting comes ahead of next year’s commemorations of the 200th anniversary of Thai-US relations.
The Trump administration has been keen to bolster bilateral ties in East and Southeast Asia amid rising tensions over North Korea’s development of nuclear and missile arsenals.